Assignment paper no : 10 Poe's Characteristics

Name : Makwana Vijay K.
Sem : 3
Roll no. : 34
Email Id : vijaykm7777@gmail.com
Enrollment no. : 2069108420180035
Submitted to : Department of English MKBU
Topic : Poe's Characteristics reflection in Bollywood movies, serials and songs.

Introduction of Author :~

Edgar Allan Poe was born in January 19, 1809 and he die in October 7, 1849. He was an American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement. He was best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre. His writing style is unique that people like his creative writing. He was also contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction. Poe's srory subject like horror, terror, science fiction, suspence, defectiveness and ghost aliment. This all subject make the work intresting and creative to other work. His short story make suspense and give the realistic aliment makes it great and effective.
Short Stories focus on a single subject or theme. Poe also believes that single subject or theme is better to make story effective. If story have multiple subjects then it is complex for reader to understand easily. Poe’s every short story deals with subjects like love and hate; the rivalry between self and alter ego; the personification of memory after death.

Characteristics of Poe's short story :~

1) Love and Hate :
Poe highly influence by Freud Psychology. Freud believes that these two emotions are universal emotions. These two emotions are interwoven. It cannot be separated. Poe described the psychological complexity of these two emotions in many stories such as:
1. The Tell-Tale Heart, 2. The Cask of Amontillado, 3. William Wilson
2) Self vs. Alter ego : Poe’s every characters have internal conflict which is leads towards them into unexpected decision. They are not able to control their mind. Ego is not able to control their id. That’s why they driven from two opposite personality. Even they also don’t know about the two personalities. But when ego is suppressed by super ego and id, second personality automatically came. That time they cannot judge that what is right or wrong. The same problem we find out with young man in ‘‘The Tell-Tale Heart’’ and Montresor in ‘‘The Cask of Amontillado’’. Both characters killed them whom they love much. Super ego felt them about their guilt. And their guilt conscious leads toward there where they felt what they done wrong. At the end they confesses and redemption about wrong thing that they done.
3) The Power of the Dead over the Living : Poe’s every characters conscious about their guilt through the memory. These memories of the dead one force them in the physical world. For example – A young man who felt the throbbing of Old man’s heart though his was dead. Because of these the living cannot feel free. They always surrounded with these voice. So, we can say that the power of the dead over the living.
Example of Indian Movie :~

~~I give some Ghost movie examples like :

1) Stree : In this movie the role of shrddha is like played a role of ghost. A village is held in the grip of terror by tales of a mysterious woman who calls men by their name and then abducts them, leaving their clothes behind.
2) Jani Dushman Ek Anokhi Kahani : In this movie is shows the love and revange. When Divya is raped by a group of friends, Kapil, her lover from her previous birth, sets out to exact revenge on them.
3) Jani Dushman : A remote mountainous region is terrorized by a legendary monster that regularly abducts newlywed brides and kills them.
4) Ragini Mms : Out to relax and have fun at a farmhouse, a couple experience horror at the hands of an unknown entity.
5) Raaz : An artist comes to realize that the woman he has been been painting is real and is being haunted by a ghost.
6) 1920 London : Shivangi, a princess, seeks the help of an exorcist after she observes an unnatural change in her husband's behaviour which worsens day-by-day.

~~I give some movie about love and hate :

1) Shadi Me Zarur Aana : Satyendra and Aarti meet for an arranged marriage and end up falling in love with each other. Their lives, however, change completely when she runs away on the wedding day.
2) Sanam Re : Akash and Shruti, two classmates in love, are separated due to unforeseen circumstances. Years later, they get a second chance at their relationship when they meet in Canada.
3) Sanam Teri Kasm : When Saraswati's father throws her out of the house, Inder stands with her against all odds and this brings them close to each other. However, destiny has its own plans.
4) Bajirao Mastani : The heroic Peshwa Bajirao, married to Kashibai, falls in love with Mastani, a warrior princess in distress. They struggle to make their love triumph amid opposition from his conservative family.
5) Cocktail : Veronica becomes friends with Meera and then Gautam and eventually both move into her apartment. All is well until love enters their lives and adds more complications than they can handle.
6) Murder 2 : Arjun, an ex-police officer, is hired to trace missing sex workers. When Reshma, a young prostitute, recruited to entice the abductor goes missing, Arjun needs to find her.

~~I give some ditactive examples like :

1) Andhadhun : A series of mysterious events take place in the life of a blind pianist (Ayushmann Khurrana). Now, he must report a crime that he never actually witnessed.
2) When the son of Goa's IGP goes missing, the police suspects Vijay, a local businessman, and his family. They continue to look for evidence to confirm their suspicion.
3) Agent Vinod : Agent Vinod sets out on a secret mission to find the reason behind the death of Rajan, his colleague. Terror strikes when he unfolds an even bigger conspiracy.
4) Detective Byomkesh Bakshi : Byomkesh, fresh out of college, agrees to investigate the disappearance of Bhuvan, a chemist. Assisted by Bhuvan's son Ajit, Byomkesh links the case to a larger conspiracy that will unsettle Calcutta.
5) Rahasya : Dr. Sachin Mahajan is accused of killing his own daughter. He protests his innocence but all the evidence is against him. However, the CBI Inspector unfolds the mystery and reveals the real murderer.
6) Raid : After receiving an anonymous tip, Amay Patnaik, a senior income tax officer, begins an investigation on an influential man in Lucknow for money laundering.

Example of T.v Series and other shows :~

Vikral Gabral : Superhero Vikraal and little Gabroo joint force to fight evil and capture spirits to save mankind from death and destruction.
Shh... Koi hee : A horror show with stories full of suspense, thrills and chills.
Fear files : The series focuses on real-life stories based on paranormal, supernatural and mysterious events that various people across India have encountered and unveils the mystery behind these stories.
Aahat : The first season was mostly a crime thriller-whodunit with only occasional episodes on the supernatural. After the first season, each story focused on a different aspect of paranormal activity.
Dev : Dev, a sharp and skilful detective, uses his expertise to solve various criminal and homicide cases.
24 : When a drug lord, Haroon Sherchan, threatens to let loose a virus unless the Indian government releases his brother from prison, a now-reclusive Jai Singh Rathod is asked to return to stop Sherchan.
Crime Petrol : The host presents dramatised re-enactments of real-life crime cases that revolve around harassment, kidnapping and murder.

~~I give the example of Netflix's series Sacred Games :

This is so popular series of India now a days. This story is about gangster Ganesh Gaytunde. This series is full of suspence that create a new enthusiasm in viewers mind. It's also popular for dialogues, acting, theme and also reality. In first apisode Gaytunde tell to Sartaj '25 din he tumhare pass, bachalo is shaher ko, Sirf trivedi bachega'. In last apisode we see that Sartaj finds a body of Trivedi. The series based on reality of Chota Rajan. How Gaytunde became gangster. His dialogue like : 'Hindu hotel se apun ye seekha, ki Dharam ke naam pe logon ka kitna chutiya banaya ja sakta hai.' in this dialogue is shown the religious beliveness and emotional.

Example of Indian Songs :~

1) 'Gumanaam Hai Koi, Badanaam Hai Koi
Kis Ko Khabar, Kaun Hai Vo, Anajaan Hai Koi
Gumanaam Hai Koi...'~~ In this song shows about there is something is different the lady is feel like someone is standing around her but she can't see him/her and try to give massage of fearness.
2) 'Man kyon behka re behka
Man kyon behka re behka aadhi raat ko
Bela mehka ho
Bela mehka re mehka aadhi raat ko'~~ In this song the woman see a dream and insidently she weakup and feel like fear.

Assignment paper no: 9 Major themes of The West Land

Name : Makwana Vijay K.
Sem : 3
Roll no. : 34
Email Id : vijaykm7777@gmail.com
Enrollment no. : 2069108420180035
Submitted to : Department of English MKBU
Topic : Major Themes of The West Land.

About author :
Thomas Stearns Eliot was born in 26 September 1888 in St. Louis, Missouri, in the United States, to a prominent Boston Brahmin  family.  He was an essayist, publisher, playwright, literary and social critic, and "one of the 20th century's major poets".  He moved to England in 1914 at the age of 25, settling, working, and marrying there. He became a British subject in 1927 at the age of 39, renouncing his American passport. He dies In 4 January 1965,
The Waste Land is a long poem by T. S. Eliot, widely regarded as one of the most important poems of the 20th century and a central work of modernist poetry, Published in 1922. It is a poem written in the epic mold. He used to complex symbols and imagery adds richness and variety to the texture of the poem. It is full with allusions to myth, ritual, religion, history-both past and present. These things make the poem itself a virtual “waste land”. We can see a wide range of socio-cultural, religious and secular experiences common to both an individual life and the collective life of western society. It is a truly remarkable poem that broke new ground in English poetry.

~: Major Themes :~
Love :~
Love is the centre theme of The West Land. There are some references regarding the theme love in this poem. The first part of the poem “the burial of the dead”, in this part we can see some reference to Tristan und Isolde. The second part of the poem is “The Game of chess”. In this part there is a reference to Cleopatra and to the story of Tereus and Philomela suggest that love in the poem “the waste land”. It is often destructive. The characters Tristan and Cleopatra die while Tereus rapes Philomela and even the love for the hyacinth girl leads the poet to see and know “nothing”. The corelative love of life is found in this poem. When the poet writes regarding “hyacinth girl” and being so in love that he didn't know if he was live or dead. He was speechless. He was silence. This is an intense love that I interpret this to be more for the love of life than for love of the girl. The interest in the girl simply allows him to see the beauty of life.
Joe even tries to commit suicide at one point, but he still seems to lack a real fear of death. However, Joe is the only one who being to love his life. Joe finds his love for life though his love, his freedom, and his that Joe comes to the realization that he has purposely ruined the life of one of his “brothers”. During the time of T.S. Eliot the people too young to come to terms with any real fear of death those people living during this time they did fear and thus their love for life was enriched. “Brothers three” never really found that fear of death they never found that true correlating love of life either.

Death :~
The death is the major theme of The West Land. There are 4 sections and the two of them first is “The burial of the Dead” and Second is “Death by Water” refer specifically to this theme ‘Death’. There is complicate matter like death can mean life as in other words by dying a human being can the way for new lives.
The poet asks his friend and the same way Christ, redeemed humanity and there by give a new life. The doubtful part of the poem is between life and death allusions. Especially in the limbo-like vision of the men flowing across London Bridge and through the modern city.

Life-in-death :~
The theme of the poem is the moral, spiritual and emotional barrenness of the modern world. This theme is like the living death of the modern Waste Landers(people). In this poem man has lost of vitality of spiritual and vitality of emotional. The life in modern waste land is a life-in-death, it's also called living death.
According to Eliot’s philosophy, Human being must act do either evil as good and it is better to do evil than do nothing. Modern man has lost his sense of good and evil, and this keeps him from being alive. In the modern land the people are dead. They just exist like dead things. They work as machine. They are to be compared to such dead things as a stick, a gutter, a pipe and many other things. A life of complete inactivity is listlessness and apathy. That is way winter is welcome to them and April is the crudest of months.

Rebirth :~

In "The West Land" we see some images of the Christ along with the many other religious metaphors, rebirth and resurrection as central themes. The waste land lays fallow and the fisher king is power less. The new beginning is that they need something. That's why we can take help of water, for one water can bring about that rebirth but it can also break and destroy. The poet turns the waste land in heaven with the climatic exchange with the skies:~ “Datta, Dayadhvam, and Damyata.” The poet’s sight is essentially of a world that is neither dying nor living. Hence the strength of grail can restore life and wipe. Eliot also refers frequently to baptisms and to rivers in either moral and spiritual or physical ways.

Sexual perversion (Lust) :~

Lust is the major theme of The West Land. There is the most famous episode in the poem” the waste land”. It involves a female typist’s sexual relation with a “carbuncular” man. In this poem Eliot represents the scene as something similar to a rape. This chance sexual encounter carries with it mythology of the violated Philomela, the blind man Tiresias who lived for a time as a woman. There is sexuality goes throughout the poem “the waste land”. It takes the center stage as a cause of calamity in the part “the fire sermon”. Here in this poem the poet acts as a lawyer “a moment’s surrender” as a part of existence in “what the thunder said”. There are 7 deadly sins in Christianity and lust may be a sin. 

Sex may be too easy and two flourishing in Eliot’s London. There the action still is sex that produces life, that restores sex and lust. In needed is sex that is not sterile. Spiritual sterility is the central motif of all these myths of the past. Besides this there is an emphasis the sanctity of sex. There is decay and spiritual degeneracy when ever the sexual function is pervert. The purpose of the sexual function is procereation and it is sanctified only in marriage. When the sexual act is separated from procreation, there is spiritual degeneracy. In modern society there is perversion of sex and hence its degeneracy. Hence in Eliot’s poetry man is often linked to animals. Sexual sins, perversion of sex, have always led to degeneration and decay. Sexual violence has always been there. Philomela was raped and her tongue was severed so that she may not reveal the crime. Reference to Elizabeth and Leicester in the song of the daughters of the Thames shows that sex relationship in the past also has been equally futile and meaningless. 

I give one example of Indian movie : The Lust Stories, is also shown 4 stories of sexuality based thing. FIrst story is about Teacher's lust for his student and movie aslo shows lustness, blackmailing and courage for archive his love. Second story is about lust of man and his servant, it's also shows the lustness of man satisfaction. Third story is about woman's desire and satisfaction. Forth story is also about women's lonliness and lust by his husband's friend.

Gender roles :~

According to Eliot’s life’s course gender roles and sexuality became increasingly flexible. Eliot reflects those changes in his work. In the repressive Victorian era of the 19th centaury, women were confines to the domestic spheres sexuality, was not discussed or publicly explored. People felt both increasingly alienated from one another and empowered to break social mores. Eliot simultaneously lauded the end of the Victorian era and expressed concern about the freedoms inherent in the modern age. The poem’s central character, Tiresias is a hermaphrodite. With him Eliot creates a character that embodies wholeness, represented by the two genders coming together in one body.

Conclusion :~

The West Land is showIng the moral and myth of Elliot's creative think. This all themes are make it's best work. but It is difficult to understand. But they are very helpful to understand the whole poem very easily. There are some important aspects remain in themes so themes can be important to study any other texts.

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Postcolonial movie review :~

Movie screening- 1] Midnight's children and 2] The Reluctant Fundamentalist. So, this blog is a review of two movies from the post-colonial perspective, as a part of academic activity.

(1) Midnight's children :~

~ I would opinion of this movie ‘The midnight’s children’ with the help of postcolonial view. This movie is based on Salman Rushdie’s Midnight children.
~1) Nurse changes child because her lover Joseph said so. Joseph said that by changing the fortune of these two children it will be a revolutionary step. Again religion plays vital role to prove my arguments. A Christian is changing fortune and considers it as a revolutionary step. Nurse try show the human psychology that she changed the childrens, she think and show the thing of equality which all human faces problems and happiness in living life.
~2) Ahmed gives a new name Amina to Mumtaz after their Marriage. This situation show patriarchy and different identity of human life. It sounds very colonial that after marriage you have control over your wife. It is consciously or unconsciously gets reflected by female director. In this movie Mumtaz accepts the new name happily because you are so much colonized and it is so deep inside you that you don’t even realize that you are being colonized.
~3) When Saleem came to India we saw slum area and poorty, Parvati doing black magic shows backwardness of India. At the same time they show nuclear experiment, which shows progress of India.

These are some of my post colonial interpretations on this movie.

(2) The reluctant fundamentalist :~

~ 'The Reluctant Fundamentalist’ movie directed by Mira nair. It is not less than any Hollywood movie, the script is written by Salman Rushdie and mohsin Hamid.
~ In this movie based on Changaz Khan's life. The story is recounted in flashback by Changez.
~ This movie all about political controversy and 9/11 attack, the idea of East and West, American dream of Changez. Changez Khan leading main role in this movie. This movie reflects relationship between Pakistan and America. We realize that America is a capable country contrasting Pakistan.
~ In Postcolonial view that one country tries to control another country. So as we realize that America control Pakistan.
~ In America he is capable and intelligent individual as opposed to other individual in his office, yet he confronts great troubles in America. We can see Power of East and West in this movie.


Thank you.... 

Thinking activity of Waiting for Godot...

Thinking activity of Waiting for Godot.. 

1. What connection do you see in the setting (“A country road. A tree. Evening.”) of the play and these paintings?

~This  painting by Casper David Friedrich, suggest  the hope with the symbols of country road and tree evening.  Restlessness and Longing can be connected with waiting.
~The road and tree present the idea of barrenness. And the symbol of the country road indicates the absurdity, nothingness  there is all absurdity. This situation show hope to someone came and help us.

2. The tree is the only important ‘thing’ in the setting. What is the importance of tree in both acts? Why does Beckett grow a few leaves in Act II on the barren tree - The tree has four or five leaves - ?

~ Act 1 barren tree suggest absurdity in life.  It also shows the impact of world war ll. Hear writer try to locate the hope of Godot will come. Also show nature is not effect by human happiness and sorrow.

3. In both Acts, evening falls into night and moon rises. How would you like to interpret this ‘coming of night and moon’ when actually they are waiting for Godot?

~ Night can be signifies as death and moon signifies as hope. In both act same sequence and repetition of  scene . Moon suggests night which is symbol of darkness and death. Night symbolize that day is gone and Godot not come so its means that nothing happens, they are keep waiting for Godot.

4. The director feels the setting with some debris. Can you read any meaning in the contours of debris in the setting of the play?

~This play is written around first world war so we see the effect of world war ll. here debris used show destruction how war destroy human life, emotions, happiness.

5. The play begins with the dialogue “Nothing to be done”. How does the theme of ‘nothingness’ recurs in the play?

~ In this play we find two character Vladimir and Estragon they both are waiting for godot but during waiting for godot they have nothing to be done so by this two character we find very deep massage about life.

6. Do you agree: “The play (Waiting for Godot), we agreed, was a positive play, not negative, not pessimistic. As I saw it, with my blood and skin and eyes, the philosophy is: 'No matter what— atom bombs, hydrogen bombs, anything—life goes on. You can kill yourself, but you can't kill life." (E.G. Marshal who played Vladimir in original Broadway production 1950s)?

~ In this play we find both said positive and negative one side by this play is about the reality of human life. we see ourself in character of Vladimir and Estragon. Both represent to ordinary human life. It make us free from idea of God. The situation creat our own importance in our life more than God. Human can do anything without fear of God.
~ This play is also somehow effect on people's mind negative way. If person finds his life meaning less it leads his life towards depression.

7. How are the props like hat and boots used in the play? What is the symbolical significance of these?

~ Here boots represent as materialistic things. Estragon wears boots it represents materialistic things. It represents artificiality of life, Estragon not satisfied with his boots it hurts him. It shows unsatisfied nature of human.
~ Vladimir focuses on his hat. It shows his intellectual power in the play waiting for godot we find that he constantly think about godot.

9. Who according to you is Godot? God? An object of desire? Death? Goal? Success? or...

~ Hear Godot is a symbol of death. After doing all the things, we waiting for death. After all success and happiness , all desires in life nothing left. Then we waits for end, that is Godot that is death.
~ The act of waiting as essential and characteristics aspect of human life. Vladimir and Estragon not meet Godot but waits and do nothing. That shown by Beckett that Godot will never come and still we are waiting .

14. Vladimir and Estragon talks about ‘hanging’ themselves and commit suicide, but they do not do so. How do you read this idea of suicide in Existentialism?

~ In existentialism suicide is best art ever done. After happens everything, there is a need of national thinking, that is suicide. It is a favourite solution when feeling of absurdity came in life. Vladimir and Estragon ' s Waiting is significant of their steadfast hope and faith. They thought about suicide but not commit , because of hope of salvation that Godot will come.

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